Reverse osmosis (RO) tekinoroji yakashandura kucheneswa kwemvura, ichipa nzira yakavimbika yekuwana mvura yekunwa yakachena kubva kwakasiyana-siyana. Semunhu akanyura mukudzidza nekushandisa matekinoroji ekurapa mvura, ndinoona misimboti iri kuseri kweRO inonakidza uye yakakosha kunzwisisa kune chero munhu ari kutsvaga kubata kushanda kwayo.

Kushanda Pfungwa:

Reverse osmosis inoshanda pamusimboti wekusarudza kubvumira mamorekuru anonyungudutsa kuti apfuure nepakati pesemipermeable membrane uku uchiramba zvinosvibisa. Mumashoko akareruka, inoparadzanisa mvura yakachena kubva kune tsvina nekushandisa kumanikidza kumanikidza mvura kuburikidza ne membrane inovhara mamorekuru nemaioni. Izvi zvinonyatsobvisa munyu wakanyunguduka, mabhakitiriya, mavhairasi, uye zvimwe zvinhu zvinokuvadza, zvichisiya mvura yakacheneswa yakakodzera kunwa.

Iyo RO membrane, chinhu chakakosha, ine tunhu tudiki tudiki tunobvumira mamorekuru emvura kuti apfuure nepo achiteya zvidimbu zvakakura. Kusarudzika uku kunogonesa kuti mvura yakachena chete ndiyo inokwanisa kupinda mukati me membrane, nepo tsvina inosiiwa kumashure uye ichiraswa.

Kubudirira kweRO Membrane:

Kushanda kweiyo RO membrane chinhu chakakosha pakuona kushanda kwese kweiyo reverse osmosis maitiro. Inowanzo kuyerwa nehuwandu hwezvakasvibiswa zvakabviswa kubva mumvura yekudya, inozivikanwa seyero yekuramba.

RO membranes inozvirumbidza inokatyamadza yekubvisa mitengo yezvakasiyana zvakasvibiswa, zvinosanganisira yakanyungudika munyu, zvinorema simbi, uye organic komisheni. Yepamusoro-mhando membranes inogona kuwana mazinga ekuramba anopfuura 99%, kuve nechokwadi chekuti mvura yakacheneswa inosangana neyakaomesesa yemhando zviyero.

Chero zvazvingava, zvakakosha kuziva kuti kugadzirwa kweRO layer kunogona kukanganiswa nekusiyana kwakasiyana, senge bolster mvura yemhando, mamiriro ekushanda, uye layer astuteness.Kugara uchigadzirisa uye kutarisa kunodiwa kuti uve nechokwadi chekushanda kwakakwana uye hupenyu hurefu hwe membrane..

Mhando dze RO Membranes:

Parizvino kuti takachengetedza mutemo wekushanda uye kugadzirwa kweRO layers, ngatinyure mumhando nhatu dzakakosha dzemafirimu eRO anowanzo shandiswa mukurapwa kwemvura:

1. Cellulose Acetate (CA) Membranes:

Cellulose acetate membranes aive pakati pekutanga kushandiswa mune zvekutengesa RO masisitimu. Aya mamembrane haadhure uye ane kuramba kwakanaka kune organic fouling, achiaita akakodzera kurapa mvura yekudyisa ine yakaderera kusvika pakati nepakati kusvibisa. Nekudaro, mamembrane eCA anowanzo shatisa kana akafumurwa kuklorini uye haanyanyi kushanda pakuramba zvimwe zvinosvibisa zvichienzaniswa nematemu matsva.

2. Thin Film Composite (TFC) Membranes:

Mutete firimu anoumba membranes anomiririra kufambira mberi kwakakosha muRO membrane tekinoroji. Aya ma membrane anoratidza yakatetepa polyamide layer pamusoro peiyo porous yekutsigira zvinhu, ichipa yakakwirira yekurambwa uye kuramba kwakanakisa kusvibisa uye kuparara kwemakemikari. TFC membranes anoshandiswa zvakanyanya mukugara, kutengeserana, uye maindasitiri RO masisitimu nekuda kwekuita kwavo kwepamusoro uye kusimba.

3. Polyamide Thin Film (PA) Membranes:

Polyamide yakaonda firimu membranes akafanana neTFC membranes asi inoratidzira denser polyamide layer, inopa yakawedzera kugona kwekuramba kwezvakanyungudutswa solids uye zvinosvibisa. PA membranes inoratidza kurambwa kwemunyu kwepamusoro uye kupfachukira kuyerera zvichienzaniswa nedzimwe mhando dzemembrane, zvichiita kuti ive yakanakira maapplication anoda yakanyanya kuchena mvura, senge kugadzirwa kwemishonga uye desalination.

Mukupedzisa, reverse osmosis tekinoroji inotsamira pane yakaomesesa kupindirana kwemasemipermeable membranes uye kumanikidza kumanikidza kuendesa yakachena, yakacheneswa mvura. Kunzwisisa misimboti yekushanda uye akasiyana marudzi eRO membranes kwakakosha pakusarudza yakanyanya kufanira mhinduro kune chaiyo yekuchenesa mvura zvinodiwa.

References:

American Water Works Association - Reverse Osmosis Membrane Technology

US Environmental Protection Agency - Reverse Osmosis

Water Quality Association - Reverse Osmosis Systems