Ndeupi Musiyano uripakati peMembrane neRO?

ziviso

Munzvimbo yekunatswa kwemvura, membranes uye reverse osmosis (RO) masisitimu anotamba zvakakosha, imwe neimwe ichishambadza zvisingakanganisike zviridzwa zvekusefa zvinosvibisa kubva mumvura. Kunzwisisa mutsauko uripo pakati pemembrane filtration uye RO innovation kwakakosha pakusarudza yakanyanya kunaka nzira yekurapa mvura.

Mazwi ekuti "membrane" uye "reverse osmosis (RO)" ane hukama asi anoreva maonero akasiyana emaitiro ekugadzirisa mvura:

Membrane: Membrane chimwe chipingamupinyi chinotendera kuti zvimwe zvinhu zvipfuure nepo zvichivharira zvimwe. mamembrane anoshandiswa mukuchenesa mvura anowanzo mashizha akaonda kana membrane akagadzirwa kubva muzvigadzirwa zvakaita se polyamide, polysulfone, kana cellulose acetic acid derivation. Aya ma membranes ane ma pores asina magumo kana machani anonyatso bvumidza kupinda kwemaatomu emvura nepo achivharira zvinosvibisa zvakaita semunyu, zvimedu, zvipenyu zvisingaoneki, uye maumbirwo emusikirwo.

Kudzosera Osmosis (RO): Kutenderedza osmosis mubato wekubvisa tsvina wemvura unoshandisa semi-permeable membrane kubvisa zvinosvibisa mumvura. Mune RO system, mvura inomanikidzwa pasi pehuremu kuburikidza ne membrane, iyo inobvumira kuti zvidimbu zvemvura zvipfuure nepo ichibvisa yakaputsika munyu, zvicherwa, uye kumwe kusvibiswa. Mvura yakasefa inopfuura nemu membrane inounganidzwa, nepo zvakarambwa zvinosvibisa zvinogara zvichinyungudutswa zvisipo semvura yakasviba.

Murundown, membrane chivharo chemuviri chinobvumira chaizvo kupinda kwezvimwe zvinhu, nepo reverse osmosis iri imwe nzira yekubvisa tsvina yemvura inoshandisa semi-permeable membrane kuburitsa zvinosvibisa mumvura. RO ndeimwe yekushandiswa kwe membrane innovation mukurapwa kwemvura, kunyangwe imwe yeakanyanya kushandiswa uye akabudirira mazano ekugadzira yemhando yepamusoro mvura yekunwa.

Membrane Filtration: A Fundamental Overview

Membrane filtration inzira inoshandiswa kupatsanura zvimedu netsvina kubva mumushonga wemvura nekuipfuudza nepakati pemembrane inopindika. Iyi membrane inoshanda sechipinganidzo, ichibvumira chete mamwe mamorekuru kuti apfuure nepo achivharira mamwe zvichienderana nehukuru hwavo, chimiro, uye kuchaja. Kusefa kweMembrane kunosanganisira maitiro akasiyana senge microfiltration, ultrafiltration, nanofiltration, uye. kudzoreredza osmosis, imwe neimwe inobata kune chaiyo filtration zvinodiwa.

Izvo Zvikamu Zvikuru zveMembrane Filtration

Microfiltration (MF) inoshandisa ma membrane ane pore saizi kubva pa 0.1 kusvika 10 micrometers, zvinobudirira kubvisa zvakamiswa zvakasimba, mabhakitiriya, uye mamwe mavhairasi kubva mumvura. Ultrafiltration (UF) inoshandisa ma membrane ane madiki pore saizi, kazhinji ari pakati pe0.01 kusvika 0.1 micrometers, kubvisa colloidal particles, macromolecules, uye utachiona. Nanofiltration (NF) inoshanda pa molecular level, ichibvisa divalent ions, organic compounds, uye zvidimbu zvakanaka. Reverse osmosis (RO), iyo yakanyanya kukwirisa fomu yekusefa membrane, inoshandisa yakanyanya kumanikidza kumanikidza mvura kuburikidza nehafu-inopindika membrane, inonyatso kubvisa yakanyungudika munyu, zvicherwa, uye zvinosvibisa.

Iyo Mechanics yeReverse Osmosis (RO)

Reverse osmosis (RO) inzira yakaoma yekuchenesa mvura inoshandisa semi-permeable membrane kubvisa ions, mamorekuru, uye zvimedu zvakakura kubva mumvura yekunwa. Mune RO masisitimu, mvura inomanikidzwa uye inomanikidzwa kuburikidza ne membrane, nepo zvinosvibisa zvichisara kumashure, zvichikonzera kunatswa kwemvura kune rumwe rutivi. Izvi zvinobudirira kubvisa tsvina yakawanda, kusanganisira munyu, zvicherwa, heavy metals, uye organic compounds, zvichiita mvura yekunwa yepamusoro.

Kusiyanisa Hunhu: Membrane Filtration vs. Reverse Osmosis

Membrane filtration uye kudzoreredza osmosis (RO) ese ari maviri maitiro ekuchenesa mvura anoshandisa semipermeable membranes kubvisa tsvina mumvura.

Kukura Pore:

Membrane Filtration: Membrane filtration inobatanidza chikamu chakafara chemaitiro anosanganisira microfiltration (MF), ultrafiltration (UF), nanofiltration (NF), uye reverse osmosis (RO). Saizi yepore ye membrane inosiyana pane idzi matekiniki. Microfiltration ine hukuru hukuru hwepore, kazhinji kubva pa 0.1 kusvika 10 micrometers, nepo ultrafiltration ine tuma pores (0.01 kusvika 0.1 micrometers). Nanofiltration ine kunyange tuma pores, kazhinji kubva 0.001 kusvika 0.01 micrometers. Reverse osmosis, kune rumwe rutivi, ine diki diki pore saizi, kazhinji isingasviki 0.001 micrometers, ichiibvumira kubvisa huwandu hwakakura hwehutsvina, kusanganisira yakanyungudika munyu nemaion.

Reverse Osmosis: RO membranes ine zvidiki zvakanyanyisa pores izvo zvinongobvumira mamorekuru emvura kuti apfuure nepo achivharira yakanyungudika munyu, zvicherwa, mabhakitiriya, mavhairasi, uye zvimwe zvinosvibisa.

Kushanda Kushanda:

Membrane Filtration: Membrane filtration maitiro akadai se microfiltration, ultrafiltration, uye nanofiltration anowanzo shanda pazvinetsero zvakaderera zvichienzaniswa nereverse osmosis.

Reverse Osmosis: Reverse osmosis inoda madhindindi epamusoro ekushanda kuti akunde kumanikidzwa kweosmotic uye kumanikidza mvura kuburikidza nesemipermeable membrane. Uku kudzvinyirira kunowanzo kupihwa nepombi muRO system.

Mhando dzeZvinhu zvinosvibisa zvakabviswa:

Membrane Filtration: Membrane filtration process inoshanda pakubvisa zvakamira zvakamira, mabhakitiriya, mamwe mavhairasi, uye mamorekuru makuru, zvichienderana nekukura kwepore kwe membrane inoshandiswa.

Reverse Osmosis: Reverse osmosis inokwanisa kubvisa huwandu hwakakura hwehutsvina, kusanganisira yakanyungudika munyu, zvicherwa, simbi inorema, organic komisheni, mabhakitiriya, mavhairasi, uye kumwe kusvibiswa, nekuda kwehukuru hwayo hudiki uye maitiro anofambiswa nedzvinyiriro.

kunyoresa:

Membrane Filtration: Membrane filtration matekiniki anowanzo shandiswa pakushandisa senge kujekeswa kwemvura, kuchenesa mvura yetsvina, uye kubviswa kwechimwe chinhu kubva mumvura.

Reverse Osmosis: Reverse osmosis inowanzoshandiswa kugadzira mvura yekunwa yakacheneswa, kubvisa munyu wemvura yegungwa nemvura ine brackish, kugadzirwa kwemvura mumaindasitiri, uye zvimwe zvinoshandiswa panodiwa mvura ine hutsanana.

Zvakanakira uye Zvishandiso zveMembrane Filtration

Membrane filtration inopa akawanda mabhenefiti, anosanganisira kuita zvakasiyana-siyana, scalability, uye mutengo-kubudirira. Inoshandiswa zvakanyanya mumaindasitiri akasiyana siyana, anosanganisira emishonga, chikafu nechinwiwa, biotechnology, uye kurapwa kwemvura yetsvina. Microfiltration uye ultrafiltration anoshandiswa kujekesa uye sterilizing zvinwiwa, nepo nanofiltration inoshandiswa kupfavisa mvura uye kubvisa organic komisheni. Reverse osmosis inowana mashandisirwo akawandisa muzvirimwa zvekubvisa salination, masisitimu ekuchenesa mvura, uye maitiro ekugadzira anoda mvura yakachena.

Mabhenefiti uye Mashandisiro eReverse Osmosis (RO)

Reverse osmosis (RO) tekinoroji inozvirumbidza isingaenzaniswi mukubvisa munyu yakanyungudika, zvicherwa, uye zvinosvibisa kubva mumvura, zvichiita kuti zvive zvakakosha munzvimbo dzakatarisana nekushomeka kwemvura kana salinity yakanyanya. RO masisitimu anoshandiswa munzvimbo dzekugara, dzekutengeserana, uye mumaindasitiri kugadzira mvura inonwiwa kubva mumvura yegungwa, mvura ine brackish, kana kune yakasvibiswa masosi. Pamusoro pezvo, tekinoroji yeRO yakakosha mukugadzira mvura yakacheneswa yekugadzira mishonga, kugadzirwa kwemagetsi, uye kugadzirwa kwezvinwiwa, kuve nechokwadi chemhando yepamusoro yechigadzirwa uye kutevedzera zvakaomesesa zvinodzora zviyero.

Mafungiro eKusarudza Yakakodzera Mvura Yekurapa Solution

Pakusarudza pakati pemembrane filtration uye reverse osmosis yekucheneswa kwemvura, zvinhu zvakati wandei zvinofanirwa kutariswa, zvinosanganisira kunaka kwemvura yekudyisa, inodiwa mwero wekuchena, kugona kurapwa, mari yekushandisa, uye kukanganisa kwezvakatipoteredza. Nepo kusefa kwemembrane kunogona kukwana kubvisa zvimedu zvakakura uye tupukanana, reverse osmosis inodiwa pakubvisa yakanyungudika munyu nemaioni, kunyanya mumashandisirwo anoda mvura yakachena. Izvo zvakakosha kuongorora izvo chaizvo zvinodikanwa uye zvipingamupinyi zvega rega rekushandisa kuti uone iyo yakanyanya kukodzera yekuchenesa mvura mhinduro.

mhedziso

Mukupedzisa, membrane filtration uye kudzoreredza osmosis Tekinoroji dzinokosha munzvimbo yekucheneswa kwemvura, imwe neimwe ichipa yakasarudzika mabhenefiti uye mashandisiro. Nepo kusefa kwemembrane kuchisanganisira nzira dzakasiyana dzekubvisa zvidimbu uye tsvina kubva mumvura, reverse osmosis inokunda mukubvisa munyu nemaioni yakanyungudika, zvichiita kuti ive yakakosha pakubvisa salination uye kugadzira mvura yakachena. Nekunzwisisa mutsauko uripo pakati pemembrane filtration neRO tekinoroji, vane chekuita navo vanogona kuita sarudzo dzine ruzivo pakusarudza mhinduro dzemvura dzinoenderana nezvavanoda uye zvavanoda. Bata nesu pa info@md-desalination.com kuti uwane kubvunza kana kana uchida.

References:

1. American Water Works Association. "Membrane Maitiro muKunwa Mvura Kurapa." https://www.awwa.org/resources-tools/water-knowledge/membrane-processes-in-drinking-water-treatment

2. US Geological Survey. "Reverse Osmosis." https://www.usgs.gov/special-topic/water-science-school/science/reverse-osmosis?qt-science_center_objects=0#qt-science_center_objects

3. Water Quality Association. "Reverse Osmosis." https://www.wqa.org/learn-about-water/perceptible-issues/contaminants/reverse-osmosis